Ụzọ Na-ekwe Nkwa Maka Ọrịa Neurodegenerative: Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy

Ịghọta Ọgwụgwọ Oxygen Hyperbaric (HBOT)

HBOT na-agụnyekarị ịbawanye nrụgide ruo n'elu ikuku zuru oke (ATA) - nrụgide dị n'ọkwa oké osimiri - ruo oge nke nkeji 90-120, nke na-achọkarị nnọkọ dị iche iche dabere na ọnọdụ a na-agwọ. Nrụgide ikuku ka mma na-eme ka ikuku oxygen na-abanye na mkpụrụ ndụ, nke na-akpali mmụba nke mkpụrụ ndụ stem ma na-eme ka usoro ọgwụgwọ nke ihe ụfọdụ na-eto eto na-akwalite.

Ná mmalite, e hiwere iji HBOT eme ihe na iwu Boyle-Marriott, nke na-egosi mbelata nke afụ gas dabere na nrụgide, yana uru nke oke oxygen dị elu na anụ ahụ. E nwere ọtụtụ ọrịa a maara na ha na-erite uru site na ọnọdụ hyperoxic nke HBOT mepụtara, gụnyere anụ ahụ necrotic, mmerụ ahụ radieshon, mmerụ ahụ, ọkụ, ọrịa ngalaba, na gangrene gas, n'etiti ndị ọzọ edepụtara site na Undersea na Hyperbaric Medical Society. N'ụzọ pụtara ìhè, HBOT egosikwala irè dị ka ọgwụgwọ mgbakwunye na ụdị ọrịa mkpali ma ọ bụ ọrịa na-efe efe dị iche iche, dị ka colitis na sepsis. N'ihi usoro mgbochi mkpali na oxidative ya, HBOT na-enye nnukwu ikike dị ka ụzọ ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa neurodegenerative.

 

Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ọgwụgwọ oxygen hyperbaric na ọrịa neurodegenerative: nghọta sitere na ụdị òké 3×Tg

Otu n'ime nnyocha ndị a ma amalekwasịrị anya na ụdị òké 3×Tg nke ọrịa Alzheimer (AD), nke gosipụtara ike ọgwụgwọ nke HBOT nwere n'ịbelata ụkọ ọgụgụ isi. Nnyocha ahụ metụtara òké nwoke 3×Tg dị ọnwa 17 ma e jiri ya tụnyere òké nwoke C57BL/6 dị ọnwa 14 na-eje ozi dị ka njikwa. Ọmụmụ ihe ahụ gosiri na HBOT emelitere ọrụ ọgụgụ isi kamakwa ọ belatara mbufụt, ibu plaque, na Tau phosphorylation nke ukwuu—usoro dị mkpa metụtara ọrịa AD.

E kwuru na mmetụta nchebe nke HBOT bụ mbelata na mbufụt neuroinflammation. E gosipụtara nke a site na mbelata nke mmụba microglial, astrogliosis, na mwepụ nke cytokines pro-inflammatory. Nchọpụta ndị a na-emesi ike ọrụ abụọ nke HBOT na-arụ n'ịkwalite arụmọrụ nghọta ma na-ebelata usoro mbufụt neuroinflammation metụtara ọrịa Alzheimer n'otu oge ahụ.

Ihe nlereanya ọzọ nke a na-ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo jiri òké 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) nyochaa usoro nchebe nke HBOT na ọrụ akwara na ikike moto. Nsonaazụ gosiri na HBOT nyere aka na mmụba nke ọrụ moto na ike njide na òké ndị a, na-ejikọta ya na mmụba nke mgbaàmà biogenesis mitochondrial, karịsịa site na mkpali nke SIRT-1, PGC-1α, na TFAM. Nke a na-egosipụta ọrụ dị mkpa nke ọrụ mitochondrial na mmetụta neuroprotective nke HBOT.

 

Usoro nke HBOT na Ọrịa Neurodegenerative

Isi ihe dị mkpa nke iji HBOT maka NDDs dị na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mbelata ikuku oxygen na ohere maka mgbanwe neurodegenerative. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa dị ka ihe ntụgharị nke na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ gbanwee na obere nrụgide oxygen ma etinyela aka na NDD dị iche iche gụnyere AD, PD, Huntington's Disease, na ALS, na-egosi ya dị ka ihe dị mkpa maka ọgwụ.

N'ihi na afọ bụ ihe dị oke mkpa maka ọtụtụ nsogbu neurodegenerative, inyocha mmetụta nke HBOT na neurobiology agadi dị oke mkpa. Nnyocha egosila na HBOT nwere ike imeziwanye ụkọ ọgụgụ isi metụtara afọ na ndị agadi nwere ahụike.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ndị agadi nwere nnukwu nsogbu ncheta gosipụtara mmụba nghọta na mmụba ọbara ụbụrụ mgbe ha kpughesịrị HBOT.

 

1. Mmetụta nke HBOT na Mbufụt na Nrụgide Oxidative

HBOT egosila ike ya ibelata mbufụt neuroinflammation n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere nnukwu nsogbu ụbụrụ. O nwere ikike ibelata cytokines pro-inflammatory (dịka IL-1β, IL-12, TNFα, na IFNγ) ma na-eme ka cytokines mgbochi mkpali dịkwuo elu (dịka IL-10). Ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta na-atụ aro na ụdị oxygen reactive (ROS) nke HBOT mepụtara na-eme ka ọtụtụ mmetụta bara uru nke ọgwụgwọ ahụ dị. N'ihi ya, ewezuga ọrụ ya na-ebelata nrụgide na inweta oke oxygen dị elu n'anụ ahụ, nsonaazụ dị mma nke ejikọtara na HBOT dabere na ọrụ physiological nke ROS emepụtara.

2. Mmetụta nke HBOT na Apoptosis na Neuroprotection

Nnyocha egosila na HBOT nwere ike ibelata phosphorylation hippocampal nke p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), na-eme ka nghọta dịkwuo mma ma na-ebelata mmebi hippocampal. Achọpụtala na HBOT nke na-anọpụ iche na njikọta ya na ihe Ginkgo biloba extract na-ebelata ngosipụta nke Bax na ọrụ nke caspase-9/3, na-ebute mbelata ọnụego apoptosis na ụdị oke nke aβ25-35 kpatara. Ọzọkwa, ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ gosiri na HBOT tupu oge eruo na-akpata ndidi megide ischemia ụbụrụ, yana usoro gụnyere mmụba nke ngosipụta SIRT1, yana ọkwa B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) na mbelata nke caspase-3 na-arụ ọrụ, na-egosi njirimara neuroprotective na anti-apoptotic nke HBOT.

3. Mmetụta nke HBOT na Mgbasa naNeurogenesis

Ịkọwapụta ndị nwere HBOT nwere njikọ na ọtụtụ mmetụta na sistemụ akwara ụbụrụ, gụnyere ime ka mgbochi ọbara na ụbụrụ dịkwuo mma, ịkwalite angiogenesis, na ibelata edema. Na mgbakwunye na inye mmụba oxygen na anụ ahụ, HBOT na-enye oxygen dị elu.na-akwalite nhazi vaskụlasite n'ịkwalite ihe ndị na-egosi ihe dị ka ihe na-eto eto nke vaskụla endothelial na site n'ịkpalite mmụba nke mkpụrụ ndụ akwara.

4. Mmetụta Epigenetic nke HBOT

Nnyocha egosila na ikpughe mkpụrụ ndụ endothelial microvascular mmadụ (HMEC-1) na hyperbaric oxygen na-achịkwa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa 8,101 nke ukwuu, gụnyere ma ngosipụta ndị a na-achịkwa nke ọma na ndị a na-achịkwa nke ọma, na-egosi mmụba na ngosipụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa metụtara ụzọ nzaghachi antioxidant.